環境部部長信箱:關于土壤監測、水質、噪聲等十一個問題的回復
關于PVC注塑擠出廢氣執行標準問題的回復
來信(xin):
1、《合(he)(he)成樹脂工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)排(pai)(pai)放標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)》(GB 31572-2015)前言(yan)部分(fen)明確提(ti)出“本標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)規定(ding)了合(he)(he)成樹脂(聚(ju)(ju)(ju)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)樹脂除外)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)及其生(sheng)產(chan)設(she)施的水(shui)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)和(he)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)排(pai)(pai)放限值、監(jian)測(ce)和(he)監(jian)督管理要(yao)求。2.《燒(shao)堿、聚(ju)(ju)(ju)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)排(pai)(pai)放標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)》(GB 15581-2016)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)范圍中(zhong)規定(ding)“本標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于現有燒(shao)堿、聚(ju)(ju)(ju)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)水(shui)和(he)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)排(pai)(pai)放管理,以(yi)及燒(shao)堿、聚(ju)(ju)(ju)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)建設(she)項目(mu)的環(huan)境(jing)影響評價、環(huan)境(jing)保護設(she)施設(she)計、竣工(gong)(gong)環(huan)境(jing)保護驗(yan)收及其投產(chan)后的水(shui)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)和(he)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)排(pai)(pai)放管理。”標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)文本3.2部分(fen)對聚(ju)(ju)(ju)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的定(ding)義為“采(cai)用(yong)(yong)乙(yi)(yi)炔法和(he)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)氧氯(lv)(lv)化法生(sheng)產(chan)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)的工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。本標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)指采(cai)用(yong)(yong)乙(yi)(yi)炔法生(sheng)產(chan)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)或乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)氧氯(lv)(lv)化法生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)中(zhong)以(yi)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)單(dan)體(ti)生(sheng)產(chan)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)氯(lv)(lv)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)的工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過程。” 3.地標(biao)(biao)(biao)中(zhong)《四川省固(gu)定(ding)污染(ran)源有機污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)排(pai)(pai)放標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)》(DB51/2377-2017)未規定(ding)塑(su)料(liao)制品(pin)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)執(zhi)行(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。請問,僅涉及PVC注塑(su)與擠出廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi),應(ying)執(zhi)行(xing)什(shen)么標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)?
回復:
根(gen)據《國民經(jing)濟行業(ye)分(fen)類(GB/T 4754-2017)》,以合成(cheng)樹(shu)脂(高分(fen)子(zi)化合物(wu)(wu))為主要(yao)原料,經(jing)采用擠(ji)塑(su)(su)、注塑(su)(su)、吹塑(su)(su)、壓(ya)延、層壓(ya)等工(gong)藝加(jia)工(gong)成(cheng)型各種制品的生產活動,屬(shu)于塑(su)(su)料制品業(ye)。因(yin)此,對于不(bu)采用氯乙烯(xi)單體加(jia)工(gong)聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi),僅采用聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)樹(shu)脂進行注塑(su)(su)、擠(ji)塑(su)(su)加(jia)工(gong)的企業(ye),注塑(su)(su)、擠(ji)出(chu)廢氣不(bu)執(zhi)(zhi)行《合成(cheng)樹(shu)脂工(gong)業(ye)污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)排放標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)》(GB 31572—2015)、《燒堿、聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)工(gong)業(ye)污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)排放標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)》(GB 15581—2016),執(zhi)(zhi)行《大氣污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)綜合排放標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)》(GB 16297—1996),已制定更(geng)嚴(yan)格地(di)方排放標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的,按地(di)方標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)執(zhi)(zhi)行。
關于企業廠界噪聲問(wen)題的回復
來(lai)信:
在工作過程中(zhong)遇到好多工業(ye)園(yuan)區的(de)(de)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)做(zuo)檢測(ce)(ce),做(zuo)驗收。這(zhe)類企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)除了自身(shen)工藝外,受外界的(de)(de)影響也比較多。但(dan)是(shi)他(ta)的(de)(de)周(zhou)圍(wei)都是(shi)好多家在一起。他(ta)們噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)大范圍(wei)外確(que)實也對周(zhou)邊敏(min)感點沒有影響。這(zhe)類企(qi)業(ye)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)是(shi)否(fou)必須監測(ce)(ce),監測(ce)(ce)結果是(shi)否(fou)該嚴格按照標準去評判。
回復:
工業園(yuan)區企業噪聲監測與評價(jia)應按(an)照相應標準(zhun)規定并結合管理部(bu)門(men)或委托方的監測目的和要求開展。驗收(shou)(shou)監測應按(an)照環評批復及竣工環保驗收(shou)(shou)相關規定執行。
關于新(xin)分析(xi)方法(fa)是否可用于污染物達(da)標性評(ping)價的回復
來信:
隨著分(fen)(fen)析(xi)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷發(fa)展,污染(ran)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)定方(fang)(fang)(fang)法也(ye)在(zai)(zai)不(bu)斷更新(xin)(xin)。比如廢水中(zhong)苯(ben)胺類(lei)、硝基(ji)苯(ben)類(lei)等(deng),從最早的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)光光度法,到不(bu)斷更新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣相色譜、氣質(zhi)聯用(yong)等(deng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法,從很大(da)程度上解決了各種干擾因(yin)素對分(fen)(fen)析(xi)結果造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。但是(shi)在(zai)(zai)實際(ji)工(gong)作過程中(zhong),有些污染(ran)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法晚于排放標(biao)準的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)布日(ri)期,即排放標(biao)準中(zhong)并未列(lie)出污染(ran)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法。因(yin)此,想要咨詢,該類(lei)新(xin)(xin)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法是(shi)否可以適用(yong)于日(ri)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)管理(li),包(bao)括和排放標(biao)準比較進行的(de)(de)(de)(de)達標(biao)性評價?
回復:
根據我部環(huan)境保護標準(zhun)管理要(yao)求(qiu),新制定、修訂的(de)(de)質量標準(zhun)和排放標準(zhun)中均明確“本標準(zhun)發(fa)布實施后國家(jia)發(fa)布的(de)(de)污染(ran)物監測(ce)(ce)方法標準(zhun),如適用(yong)性滿足要(yao)求(qiu),同樣適用(yong)于本標準(zhun)相應污染(ran)物的(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)定”。
關于地表水質量標準中總氮限值問題的回復
來信:
地表水環境(jing)質量標(biao)準(GB 3838-2002)中(zhong)總(zong)(zong)氮(dan)(dan)、氨(an)氮(dan)(dan)、硝(xiao)酸鹽(yan)(以N計(ji))的(de)(de)(de)限(xian)(xian)值(zhi)(zhi)設置不合理(li),總(zong)(zong)氮(dan)(dan)(湖、庫(ku),以N計(ji))限(xian)(xian)值(zhi)(zhi)為(wei):I類0.2mg/L、II類0.5mg/L、III類1.0mg/L、IV類1.5mg/L、V類2.0mg/L;氨(an)氮(dan)(dan)(NH3-N)限(xian)(xian)值(zhi)(zhi)為(wei):I類0.15mg/L、II類0.5mg/L、III類1.0mg/L、IV類1.5mg/L、V類2.0mg/L;硝(xiao)酸鹽(yan)(以N計(ji))的(de)(de)(de)限(xian)(xian)值(zhi)(zhi)為(wei):10mg/L。按理(li)論來說(shuo),總(zong)(zong)氮(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)應該≥氨(an)氮(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)+硝(xiao)酸鹽(yan)(以N計(ji))的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du),以III類水為(wei)例,質量標(biao)準中(zhong)總(zong)(zong)氮(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)<氨(an)氮(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)+硝(xiao)酸鹽(yan)(以N計(ji))的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)。請問監測地表水時,總(zong)(zong)氮(dan)(dan)是否(fou)仍(reng)然要作為(wei)評價的(de)(de)(de)依據之一?
回復:
為(wei)客觀反映全(quan)國(guo)地(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)環境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)狀況及其變化趨勢,規(gui)范全(quan)國(guo)地(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)環境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)評(ping)(ping)價(jia)工作,2011年3月,我部依據《地(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)環境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)準(zhun)》(GB3838-2002)和有(you)關(guan)技術規(gui)范,制定了《地(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)環境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)評(ping)(ping)價(jia)辦法(試(shi)行)》。《地(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)環境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)評(ping)(ping)價(jia)辦法(試(shi)行)》規(gui)定評(ping)(ping)價(jia)指標(biao)為(wei):《地(di)表(biao)(biao)水(shui)(shui)環境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)準(zhun)》(GB3838-2002)表(biao)(biao)1中(zhong)除水(shui)(shui)溫(wen)(wen)、總(zong)氮(dan)、糞(fen)(fen)大(da)腸(chang)(chang)菌(jun)(jun)群以外的21項(xiang)指標(biao),總(zong)氮(dan)不作為(wei)日常(chang)水(shui)(shui)質評(ping)(ping)價(jia)指標(biao)。必(bi)要時,可針對水(shui)(shui)溫(wen)(wen)、總(zong)氮(dan)、糞(fen)(fen)大(da)腸(chang)(chang)菌(jun)(jun)群作為(wei)參考指標(biao)單獨(du)評(ping)(ping)價(jia)。
關于鄉鎮污水處理廠相關法規問題的回復
來信:
對(dui)于鄉鎮(zhen)污水處理(li)廠相(xiang)關法(fa)規是否(fou)同城鎮(zhen)污水廠要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)?我所在企業為鄉鎮(zhen)污水處理(li)廠,設計規模(mo)6000噸/日(ri),排入(ru)資江(jiang)的一(yi)條分(fen)支,對(dui)于環保(bao)驗收、在線(xian)監測等,對(dui)于縣(xian)城的污水廠有明確的要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu),但是到鄉里(li)面,這一(yi)塊的要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)是一(yi)樣的嗎(ma)?另(ling)外,對(dui)于環保(bao)在線(xian)監測的要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu),能(neng)否(fou)給個明確的指示(shi),是否(fou)需要(yao)(yao)安裝,需要(yao)(yao)安裝哪些(xie),有哪些(xie)法(fa)律法(fa)規進行(xing)了(le)規定?
回復(fu):
一、關于環(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)驗(yan)收(shou)(shou) 《建設項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)管理(li)條例》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),“編制(zhi)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)影響報(bao)告(gao)書、環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)影響報(bao)告(gao)表的(de)建設項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)竣(jun)工(gong)后,建設單(dan)位應(ying)當(dang)按照國(guo)務院環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)主管部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)標(biao)準和程序,對配套建設的(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)設施(shi)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)驗(yan)收(shou)(shou),編制(zhi)驗(yan)收(shou)(shou)報(bao)告(gao)”。根據(ju)《建設項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)影響評價分類管理(li)名(ming)錄》(環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)令(ling)第(di)44號)《建設項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)竣(jun)工(gong)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)驗(yan)收(shou)(shou)暫(zan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)辦法》(國(guo)環(huan)規(gui)(gui)環(huan)評〔2017〕4號)的(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),來信所述鄉鎮污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)應(ying)當(dang)編制(zhi)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)影響報(bao)告(gao)表,并按照有關要(yao)求(qiu)自行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)開展(zhan)竣(jun)工(gong)驗(yan)收(shou)(shou)。二、關于在線監(jian)測 《水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)法》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),重(zhong)點排(pai)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)單(dan)位應(ying)當(dang)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物排(pai)放(fang)自動監(jian)測設備(bei),與環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)主管部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)的(de)監(jian)控設備(bei)聯網,并保(bao)(bao)(bao)證監(jian)測設備(bei)正常運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。應(ying)當(dang)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物排(pai)放(fang)自動監(jian)測設備(bei)的(de)重(zhong)點排(pai)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)單(dan)位名(ming)錄,由(you)設區(qu)的(de)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)以上地方人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)主管部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)根據(ju)本行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)區(qu)域的(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)容量(liang)、重(zhong)點水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物排(pai)放(fang)總量(liang)控制(zhi)指標(biao)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)以及排(pai)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)單(dan)位排(pai)放(fang)水(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物的(de)種類、數量(liang)和濃(nong)度等因素,商同級(ji)有關部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)確定(ding)(ding)。來信所述鄉鎮污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)如屬(shu)于設區(qu)的(de)市(shi)(shi)級(ji)以上生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)確定(ding)(ding)的(de)重(zhong)點排(pai)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)單(dan)位,或當(dang)地生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)確定(ding)(ding)其出水(shui)(shui)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)《城鎮污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物排(pai)放(fang)標(biao)準》(GB18918-2002),應(ying)當(dang)依(yi)法依(yi)規(gui)(gui)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)使用自動監(jian)測設備(bei),安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)、使用、管理(li)等具體要(yao)求(qiu),按照生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)核發(fa)的(de)排(pai)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)許(xu)可(ke)證及《城鎮污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物排(pai)放(fang)標(biao)準》(GB18918-2002)有關規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。
關于土壤現狀監測點位如何選擇的回復
來信:
根據土壤導則(ze)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)污(wu)染影響(xiang)型建設項目,二級要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)監(jian)測柱狀樣和表層樣,三級要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)監(jian)測表層樣。如果建設項目場地已經硬底(di)化,該(gai)如何如何選取監(jian)測點?是(shi)需要(yao)(yao)把(ba)已經硬底(di)化的場地破(po)壞(huai)還是(shi)另外選取監(jian)測點?
回復:
根據建設項目實際情況,如果項目場地已經做了防腐防滲(shen)(包(bao)括(kuo)硬化(hua))處理無法取(qu)樣,可不取(qu)樣監測,但需(xu)要詳細說(shuo)明無法取(qu)樣原因。
關于(yu)土壤(rang)破壞性(xing)監(jian)測問題的回復
來信(xin):
一家(jia)木(mu)工噴(pen)漆企業租用(yong)其他廠(chang)的部(bu)分廠(chang)房,一層(ceng)(ceng)做木(mu)工,二層(ceng)(ceng)做噴(pen)漆(油性(xing)+水性(xing))。按土(tu)壤(rang)導則規定,起(qi)碼是(shi)土(tu)壤(rang)二級評價(jia),需要在占地范圍(wei)內(nei)布設3個柱(zhu)狀樣,1個表層(ceng)(ceng)樣。而廠(chang)區(qu)內(nei)部(bu)無綠化,場地均采(cai)用(yong)水泥硬化,請問占地范圍(wei)內(nei)可(ke)否不進行(xing)土(tu)壤(rang)監(jian)測?
回復:
根據(ju)建設項(xiang)目(mu)實(shi)際情(qing)況,如果項(xiang)目(mu)場(chang)地已經做了防(fang)腐防(fang)滲(shen)(包括(kuo)硬化)處理無(wu)法取樣,可(ke)不取樣監(jian)測,但需要詳細說明無(wu)法取樣原(yuan)因。
關于《企業突發環境事件風險分級方法》問題的回復
來信:
在(zai)《企業(ye)突發環(huan)境事(shi)件(jian)風險(xian)(xian)分級(ji)(ji)方法》(HJ941-2018)標準第三頁表1 企業(ye)生產工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)評(ping)(ping)估(gu)中(zhong),評(ping)(ping)估(gu)依據有一條是(shi)“其(qi)他高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)、涉(she)(she)及(ji)易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)等(deng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)”,對(dui)于(yu)這句話(hua)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)解(jie)是(shi)“其(qi)他高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)、且涉(she)(she)及(ji)易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)等(deng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)”還是(shi)“其(qi)他高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)、或(huo)(huo)涉(she)(she)及(ji)易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)等(deng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)”存在(zai)疑問。在(zai)《建設項目環(huan)境風險(xian)(xian)評(ping)(ping)價技術導則》(HJ169-2018)中(zhong)明確(que)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)“其(qi)他高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)、且涉(she)(she)及(ji)危險(xian)(xian)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)”,那對(dui)于(yu)《企業(ye)突發環(huan)境事(shi)件(jian)風險(xian)(xian)分級(ji)(ji)方法》(HJ941-2018)中(zhong)這句話(hua)的(de)(de)(de)理(li)解(jie)可以是(shi)“其(qi)他高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)、且涉(she)(she)及(ji)易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)等(deng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)”,而不是(shi)“其(qi)他高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)或(huo)(huo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)、或(huo)(huo)涉(she)(she)及(ji)易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)(bao)(bao)等(deng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)”嗎?
回復:
《企業突(tu)發環境事件(jian)風險(xian)分級方法(fa)》(HJ941-2018)中(zhong)“其他高(gao)(gao)溫或(huo)高(gao)(gao)壓、涉及易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)等物(wu)質的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)過程”,提到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)“易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)等物(wu)質”是(shi)指按照GB30000.2至GB30000.13所確定的(de)(de)(de)化學物(wu)質。高(gao)(gao)溫工(gong)藝(yi)、高(gao)(gao)壓工(gong)藝(yi)、涉及易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)等物(wu)質的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)都可能造成(cheng)突(tu)發環境事件(jian)風險(xian)物(wu)質意外釋(shi)放(fang),因此文中(zhong)“其他高(gao)(gao)溫或(huo)高(gao)(gao)壓、涉及易(yi)燃易(yi)爆(bao)等物(wu)質的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)過程”是(shi)“或(huo)”的(de)(de)(de)關系,均應(ying)作為可能導致突(tu)發環境事件(jian)風險(xian)物(wu)質意外釋(shi)放(fang)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)進行評估。
關于生(sheng)態環境部(bu)行(xing)政規范性文件制定和管理辦法(fa)咨(zi)詢(xun)的回(hui)復
來信:
生(sheng)態環境部行(xing)政規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)性文件(jian)制定(ding)和管(guan)理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)有些(xie)疑(yi)問。1、行(xing)政規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)性文件(jian)的實施日期(qi)的規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)是(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)(me)?很多行(xing)政規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)性文件(jian)沒有規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)明確(que)的時間。那么(me)(me)如何確(que)定(ding)具體的執行(xing)開始日期(qi)?是(shi)(shi)從公布之日起?2. 管(guan)理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)中說,未(wei)經公開發布的,不得作為生(sheng)態環境行(xing)政管(guan)理(li)依(yi)據。這個(ge)的依(yi)據是(shi)(shi)什(shen)么(me)(me)?現實中會不會出(chu)沒有有限(xian)時間的發布后撤回,那么(me)(me)算不算是(shi)(shi)發布了呢(ni)?是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)說必須永久發布更(geng)好(hao)點呢(ni)?
回復:
1、關(guan)于行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)規(gui)范性文件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)期。行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)規(gui)范性文件(jian)(jian)明確規(gui)定(ding)(ding)了(le)施(shi)(shi)行(xing)日(ri)(ri)期的(de)(de)(de),自(zi)該施(shi)(shi)行(xing)日(ri)(ri)期之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起開(kai)始(shi)實(shi)施(shi)(shi);未(wei)明確規(gui)定(ding)(ding)施(shi)(shi)行(xing)日(ri)(ri)期的(de)(de)(de),自(zi)公(gong)(gong)布(bu)(bu)之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起實(shi)施(shi)(shi)。2、關(guan)于公(gong)(gong)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)依(yi)據(ju)。中共(gong)中央、國(guo)務院于2015年(nian)印發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)《法治政(zheng)(zheng)府建(jian)設(she)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)綱要(2015-2020年(nian))》規(gui)定(ding)(ding):“涉及公(gong)(gong)民、法人(ren)和其他組(zu)織權(quan)利義(yi)務的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)范性文件(jian)(jian),應當按照法定(ding)(ding)要求和程序予以(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)布(bu)(bu),未(wei)經(jing)公(gong)(gong)布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)得作(zuo)為(wei)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理依(yi)據(ju)。”國(guo)務院辦公(gong)(gong)廳于2019年(nian)印發(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)《關(guan)于加強行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)規(gui)范性文件(jian)(jian)制定(ding)(ding)和監督管(guan)理工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)通知》(國(guo)辦發(fa)(fa)〔2018〕37號(hao))也規(gui)定(ding)(ding):“行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)規(gui)范性文件(jian)(jian)經(jing)審議通過或批準后(hou),由(you)制定(ding)(ding)機關(guan)……公(gong)(gong)開(kai)向社會發(fa)(fa)布(bu)(bu),不(bu)(bu)得以(yi)(yi)內部(bu)文件(jian)(jian)形式印發(fa)(fa)執行(xing),未(wei)經(jing)公(gong)(gong)布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)規(gui)范性文件(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)得作(zuo)為(wei)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)理依(yi)據(ju)。”
關于最新水質在線監測設備流(liu)量比對儀器疑(yi)問的回復
來信:
按標(biao)準355-2019中8.4及354-2019中6.3.1、6.3.2的要求,液位、流量(liang)比(bi)對只能使用標(biao)準里寫明(ming)的“便攜(xie)式明(ming)渠流量(liang)計比(bi)對裝置(zhi)”進(jin)行,其他方(fang)法(fa),如(ru)流速儀法(fa)、容積法(fa)、浮(fu)標(biao)法(fa)等HJ92里規定的幾種測流量(liang)的方(fang)法(fa)都不能使用了,是(shi)這樣理(li)解的嗎?
回復(fu):
HJ 354-2019和(he)HJ 355-2019規(gui)定了便(bian)攜(xie)式明(ming)渠流(liu)量計比對裝置進行液位和(he)流(liu)量比對的(de)相關內(nei)容(rong),若其(qi)他方(fang)法能(neng)同時滿足本標準規(gui)定的(de)液位和(he)流(liu)量比對要求,同樣適用(yong)。
關于鋼鐵企業超低排放監測工作監測分析方法的回復
來信:
《關于做好鋼(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)企業超(chao)(chao)低(di)排(pai)(pai)放評估(gu)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)工作的(de)通知》的(de)附件(jian)《鋼(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)企業超(chao)(chao)低(di)排(pai)(pai)放評估(gu)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)技術(shu)指南(nan)》中推薦了HJ629-2011《固(gu)定(ding)污染源廢氣(qi) 二(er)(er)(er)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)硫(liu)(liu)的(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding) 非(fei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)紅外吸(xi)收法(fa)(fa)(fa)》和HJ692-2014《固(gu)定(ding)污染源廢氣(qi) 氮氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)物的(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding) 非(fei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)紅外吸(xi)收法(fa)(fa)(fa)》這兩個煙氣(qi)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa),但(dan)指南(nan)中提(ti)(ti)到“本(ben)文件(jian)發(fa)布(bu)實施后(hou),有新(xin)(xin)發(fa)布(bu)的(de)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)標準,其方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)適用(yong)范圍相同的(de),也(ye)適用(yong)于本(ben)文件(jian)對應污染物的(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)”。那么GB/T 37186-2018《氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi) 二(er)(er)(er)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)硫(liu)(liu)和氮氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)物的(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding) 紫外差分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)吸(xi)收光譜(pu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》中也(ye)提(ti)(ti)到了本(ben)標準方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)適用(yong)于標準氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)、工業氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)、環境空氣(qi)等氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)中二(er)(er)(er)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)硫(liu)(liu)和氮氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)物的(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)。而(er)且紫外吸(xi)收方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)比非(fei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)紅外吸(xi)收法(fa)(fa)(fa)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)更(geng)新(xin)(xin),穩定(ding)性好,監(jian)測(ce)(ce)數據更(geng)準確。那鋼(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)企業超(chao)(chao)低(di)排(pai)(pai)放評估(gu)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)時能用(yong)GB/T 37186-2018《氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi) 二(er)(er)(er)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)硫(liu)(liu)和氮氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)物的(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding) 紫外差分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)吸(xi)收光譜(pu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》這個標準作為監(jian)測(ce)(ce)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)嗎?
回復:
《關于做(zuo)好鋼鐵企業超低排(pai)放評估監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)工作的通(tong)知》規定,“選用(yong)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)方法(fa)時(shi),應(ying)能(neng)消(xiao)(xiao)除干(gan)擾或避免產(chan)生干(gan)擾。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)燒結和(he)球團廢氣中 SO2時(shi),應(ying)避免使用(yong) HJ 57-2017,可使用(yong) HJ 629-2011等。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)焦(jiao)爐(lu)煙(yan)囪廢氣時(shi),應(ying)優先使用(yong) HJ 629-2011,同(tong)時(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)儀器應(ying)注意加裝(zhuang)消(xiao)(xiao)除有機(ji)物干(gan)擾的濾波片。”若其(qi)他監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)方法(fa)經過驗證(zheng)(zheng),證(zheng)(zheng)明能(neng)消(xiao)(xiao)除干(gan)擾或避免產(chan)生干(gan)擾,同(tong)時(shi)適用(yong)。
信息(xi)來源:環評互聯網